Publications

Google Scholar

Featured Publications

8

AI-redesigned starting points and outcomes enhance protein evolution

Nicholas A. Krasnow, Joy A. Xu, Emily Zhang, Gandhar K. Mahadeshwar, Y. Allen Tao, Julia McCreary, Colin F. Hemez, Logan E. Brown, Wei Jiang, and David R. Liu

Nature (in press)

Sequence redesign raises fitness and expands the fitness landscape of laboratory evolution, consistently yielding evolved proteases with superior stability, activity, and specificity compared to variants evolved from natural proteases.

Link
AI-redesigned starting points enhance laboratory enzyme evolution
Graphical Abstract

All Publications

* indicates equal author contributions

2026

8

AI-redesigned starting points and outcomes enhance protein evolution

Nicholas A. Krasnow, Joy A. Xu, Emily Zhang, Gandhar K. Mahadeshwar, Y. Allen Tao, Julia McCreary, Colin F. Hemez, Logan E. Brown, Wei Jiang, and David R. Liu
Nature (in press)

Sequence redesign raises fitness and expands the fitness landscape of laboratory evolution, consistently yielding evolved proteases with superior stability, activity, and specificity compared to variants evolved from natural proteases.

Link
7

Evolution of botulinum neurotoxin proteases to induce inflammatory cell death in cancer cells

Julia McCreary, Colin F. Hemez, Michael Raymond, Nicholas A. Krasnow, Travis R. Blum, Stephan J. DeCarlo, Jack A. Queenan, Yan Qin, Kaitlin Rhee, and David R. Liu
Nature Biotechnology (in press)
Link
6

AI-guided redesign of laboratory-evolved reverse transcriptases enhances prime editing in human cells and in animals

Y. Allen Tao*, Holt Sakai*, Allen Jiang*, Nicholas A. Krasnow*, Vasilii Vaganov, Brian Shim, Zachary Barsdale, Nouraiz Ahmed, Man Na, Smriti Pandey, Ana Cristian, Emily Zhang, Joy Xu, Mattijs Bulcaen, Ting-Wei Liao, Keyede Oye, and David R. Liu
Nature Biotechnology (2026)

This work establishes the PE8 suite of prime editors by identifying and addressing the editor stability bottleneck to efficient gene editing.

Link

2025

5

Prime editing-installed suppresor tRNAs for disease-agnostic genome editing

Sarah Pierce*, Steven Erwood*, Keyede Oye, Meirui An, Nicholas A. Krasnow, Emily Zhang, Aditya Raguram, Davis Seelig, Mark Osborn, and David R. Liu
Nature (2025)
Link

2024

4

Efficient site-specific integration of large genes in mammalian cells via continuously evolved recombinases and prime editing

Smriti Pandey, Xin D Gao, Nicholas A Krasnow, Amber McElroy, Y Allen Tao, Jordyn E Duby, Benjamin J Steinbeck, Julia McCreary, Sarah E Pierce, Jakub Tolar, Torsten B Meissner, Elliot L Chaikof, Mark J Osborn, David R Liu
Nature Biomedical Engineering (2024)
Link
3

Phage-assisted evolution of highly active cytosine base editors with enhanced selectivity and minimal sequence context preference

Emily Zhang, Monica E Neugebauer, Nicholas A Krasnow, David R Liu
Nature Communications (2024)

This work establishes CBE6, the state-of-the-art cytosine base editor.

Link

2023

2

Evolution of an adenine base editor into a small, efficient cytosine base editor with low off-target activity

Monica E Neugebauer, Alvin Hsu, Mandana Arbab, Nicholas A Krasnow, Amber N McElroy, Smriti Pandey, Jordan L Doman, Tony P Huang, Aditya Raguram, Samagya Banskota, Gregory A Newby, Jakub Tolar, Mark J Osborn, David R Liu
Nature Biotechnology (2023)
Link

2018

1

The prevalence and volumetry of pituitary cysts in children with growth hormone deficiency and idiopathic short stature

Nicholas A. Krasnow, Bradley Pogostin, James Haigney, Brittany Groh, Winston Weiler, Michael Tenner, Marion Kessler, Michael Frey, and Richard A. Noto
Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (2018)
Link